Celtic head

The Romans in Britain
Roman soldier's weapons

Roman guards


The Roman soldier had three main weapons. A shield, a sword and two javelins.
The shield (scuta)

These were semi cylindrical in shape, large enough to reach from the chin to the knees and protected half of the body. They were light enough to be carried in a long battle and made of layers of wood glued together. Each layer was at an angle to the previous one for strength. The edge was bound with light sheet bronze and the central boss (umbo) was heavy bronxe. As no intact shields have been found so far, we can only assume that the shield a hand grip and an inner strap enabled the soldier to hold the shield close to his body and also leave his other arm free for other weapons.

The sword (gladius)

This was 18 inches long, 2 inches wide and narrowed towards the centre. It had a bone handle shaped to the soldeir's hand and a large a alrge round ball at the end to help with the balance.. It was not designed for hacking, more for thrusting forward ito the enemy's body. It was very light and so meant that it could be uesed in a very fast manner when stabbing at opponenets.Roman sword - Gladius

The javelin (pilum)

This was seven feet long with a a tip of hardend metal shapped like an elongated pyramid .The shank was made of softer metal fitted into a socket at the lower end.

The battle tactics page explains how these weapons were used.

  

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